Right-wing president Andrzej Duda took 51.03 percent of the vote to narrowly beat liberal Rafał Trzaskowski who took 48.97 percent in the second round of the Polish presidential elections last Sunday.
More than 60,000 workers were sacked or put at risk of redundancy last week. Some industry experts predict that as many as 250,000 people could be made redundant.
Council workers in east London are preparing for three days of strikes against a bullying management determined to undermine their terms and conditions.